Which of the following is NOT a domain of student development emphasized by the ASCA Model?

• A. Physical fitness development
• B. Academic development
• C. Career development
• D. Personal/Social development

Answer: (A)

ASCA centers student development in three areas: Academic development, Career development, and Personal/Social development. Academic development covers learning strategies, school performance, and academic planning; Career development involves exploring options, setting goals, and preparing for the workplace or further education; Personal/Social development focuses on self-awareness, social skills, responsibility, and decision-making. Physical fitness development isn’t listed as its own domain within the ASCA Model. While physical health and fitness can support learning and well-being and may be addressed through other programs like physical education or health, they aren’t categorized as a separate ASCA domain. So, Physical fitness development is not a domain of student development emphasized by the ASCA Model.