Which of the following is not a type of evaluation?

• A. Achievement evaluation
• B. Needs assessment
• C. Outcome research
• D. Formative evaluation

Answer: (A)

In this framework, evaluation types are grouped by purpose and timing. Needs assessment identifies gaps or needs before a program is designed, guiding what the program should address. Formative evaluation happens during development to monitor and improve design and implementation. Outcome research looks at the results or effects after the program has been implemented, focusing on what changed or was achieved. Achievement evaluation isn’t a standard category used to describe evaluation activities; it’s more about whether participants reach certain targets, and those targets are typically examined within outcome evaluation or separate educational/assessment measurement. So, the item that doesn’t fit the common evaluation categories is achievement evaluation.